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This Couple Quit Their Jobs to Raise Their Son in a Tiger Reserve !

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Do you remember how as kids, most of us were awestruck by the life of Mowgli? The carefree, naked, feral child from the forests of Pench in Seoni, a fictional character, was immortalised by Rudyard Kipling’s The Jungle Book series.

While most of us only dreamed of living that life, a little boy living 50 metres away from the core of the Pench forests of Madhya Pradesh is doing exactly that!

Swinging from branches, running barefoot through the forests, imitating monkeys, chasing butterflies and enjoying tiger calls by his window at night, three-and-a-half-year-old Kaizen is unleashing the Mowgli inside him, and living life to its fullest.

All thanks to his parents, Harshita and Aditya Shakalya, who gave up their corporate life to live close to nature and raise him in an unconventional way.

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Aditya, Harshita, Kaizen with their dog Carlos

Kaizen was only six months old, when Harshita and Aditya quit all their businesses back in Indore in two months, to become caretakers of the ‘Tiger N Woods‘ resort in the core of the Pench Tiger reserve.

While Aditya was born in Delhi, Harshita was raised in Indore. The foreign-educated couple, with their exceptional marketing qualifications, has worked across industries.

Harshita, who is a professional chocolatier, started her own business as early as 17! Aditya, who is also a novelist, worked with several brands and publications.

The couple first met when they were working at the same firm and hoping to set up their own company. Sharing similar ideas and beliefs, they began their own social media and designing startup in Indore. What started as a business partnership, eventually turned into a partnership for life.

Calling the couple workaholics back in the day would be an understatement. Married in 2013, the couple even worked on their honeymoon! Harshita recalls their trip to Thailand that turned their lives around.

“We were on our way to Krabi, in a nice little van. But instead of looking out of the window at the visual treat that beheld us, we continued to worry about the network so we could work again,” she says.

That was the moment of truth for the couple. It dawned upon them that this clearly wasn’t the life they wanted to live for the rest of their days, especially with their future children.

While deciding to quit was impulsive and easy, they had no backup plan, whatsoever.


Read more: How This Tribal Couple Transformed a Barren Hill Into a Bountiful Farm!


It was only when everyone around them was welcoming the dawn of the new year that the opportunity came to them. At the New Year’s Eve party of 2014, Harshita and Aditya met a few acquaintances who started discussing Aditya’s new book.

At the time, the friend quipped saying he knew a place where Aditya could write peacefully and that he was anyway looking for a family who could manage the resort.

“By that time Kaizen was only six-months-old. We thought, why don’t we take it up? We were anyway thinking about raising him in a different environment, away from the exhausting city life,” says Harshita.

While they were lucky enough to receive a good education in city schools, that they are ever grateful for, Harshita sheds light on the flaws of the current system where schools have become a commercial business model.

“I knew in my heart that I did not want him to be a part of this neverending rat race. We did not want him to be worried about succeeding at something because the world expected him to or think that grades define success in life,” she says.

couple-tiger-reserve
The pebbles in the river bed don’t hurt him.

This was their opportunity to explore a life beyond the concrete jungle and do everything they ever wanted to as a family. While they first visited the place on 4 January, by 17 March 2015, they were stepping into their home with their backpacks.

Was the big switch easy? No.

“We had lived the city and corporate life, partying till wee hours in the morning. Being young and reckless. So, the big switch was difficult. Visiting a park is way different than living in the core of a Tiger reserve.”

While living this close to the wilderness makes you feel one with nature, it continues to strike fear too, confesses Harshita.

couple-tiger-reserve
Kaizen with a wild friend

“It was scary, it still is. I, once had a cobra walk out of the bushes and Kaizen has had alpha monkeys growl at him. But the truth is, we are living in an area which is dominated by wildlife. It is their home, and we’ll always be encroachers here. So it was important for us to live in harmony with them and keep this place as close to nature as possible,” she says.

The first year was difficult when they were trying to rebuild the resort from shambles and struggling with electricity.

She remembers days when her heart ached while a young Kaizen would keep turning over, sleeping in the heat. But today, when she looks back, there are only happy memories. From watching birds in the forests from their ten foot high machans to spotting deers, jackals, nilgais and other wildlife – they not only see, but experience the changing weather every single day.

The nearest village, with over 30 to 40 homes, is right outside the Tiger Reserve’s main gate. Kaizen is an absolute hit among the villagers. Harshita remembers how he first ran to her crying out, “Mumma, machchar chaap gaya” which meant a mosquito bit him in the local dialect of the village.

couple-tiger-reserve
Kaizen with the villagers

“He is more flexible and adaptive than most city kids and even adults. He strikes a conversation easily with new people. When guests arrive from other countries, he speaks to them in English and speaks to our village staff with the same ease in their local dialect. He also signs to our hearing & speech impaired staffers,” she says.

From knowing his way around the kitchen to growing fruits, vegetables and herbs, he assists the staff and continues to stay grounded. While most parents struggle to give their kids maximum exposure, Kaizen has the world coming to him.

Even though the kid might not write like most kids his age, he is learning all the basic skills he needs, to become self-sufficient. He started going to an open school this month, 60 km away from home called Caterpillar Labs. This school format has no age-specific classes. Instead, it holds different language and activity labs and helps them progress as and when they master each of those skills.

One of the reasons for sending him to school was that he started missing children his age. He’d get really excited when guests arrived with their kids but would be heartbroken when they left.

“To help him maintain consistency with friends, we decided to enroll him,” she says.

With the resort giving them time for themselves, Aditya, who is a qualified yoga teacher too, holds workshops for guests and children. His recently launched Bodhisattva Yoga foundation – for the emotional and mental wellbeing of young children – is teaching them to embrace the philosophies of yoga to fight early anxiety and depression.

While running a chocolate business was certainly not an option, Harshita went around the village and understood the local ingredients, rice, seasonal vegetables etc from the villagers.

She launched her project called Pench Pickle company, which manufactures marmalades, pickles, jams, squashes etc. from the local produce.

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Harshita with her band of women

I asked Harshita what if Kaizen wishes to move to the city when he grows up. She smiles saying, “Honestly, I know the city life would lure him someday. It lured us too. But it is his choice and call. We didn’t listen to our parents when we decided to take this leap of faith. But, we hope we did out groundwork well with our young boy,” she says.

And if you think Kaizen is restricted only to the village and forest all the time, you are far from the truth.

“Who are we to restrict him, honestly? In fact, we make sure he experiences everything. I want him to be what he wants to be. We take him to places within and outside India,” she says.

Embarking on several road trips, flights, trains, Kaizen has already travelled to Goa, Delhi, Indore, Varanasi, Sri Lanka, Andamans and other places.

Get in touch with Aditya and Harshita at Bodhiyoga.foundation@gmail.com

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Don’t Destroy Nature: How to Be a Considerate Wildlife Enthusiast

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Visiting a wildlife sanctuary is a thrilling experience, for newbies and seasoned wildlife enthusiasts alike. The joy of seeing animals laze around, and exhibit natural behaviour in their habitats is genuinely gratifying.

Wildlife sanctuaries are a far cry away from the cruel zoo infrastructure, where animals are kept in cramped conditions, with little or no effort to make their life better. Zoos are also over-crowded, full of people who don’t think twice before teasing the poor miserable animals.

A wildlife sanctuary offers the ideal atmosphere. There are designated car-routes, where one can travel in an open-top jeep, and view animals. However, thanks to sheer popularity, sanctuaries have started getting crowded as well.

It isn’t unusual to see a long line of jeeps and other safari vehicles, with people craning to get a look at the elusive exotic species found in our forests.

Wildlife sanctuaries draw scores of people hoping to catch a glimpse of rare animals. Representative image only.
Wildlife sanctuaries draw scores of people hoping to catch a glimpse of rare animals. Representative image only.

Obviously, the most sought-after animal is the tiger, and people go out of their way just to catch a glimpse of it. If not, seeing a leopard ‘at least’ is warranted, else what is the use of a safari? The other animals, the herbivores, rarely matter.

Well, the animals one prefers to see is a personal preference. Having said that, there are a few ground rules that sanctuary visitors must obey. Follow these rules, not only for your own safety and benefit but also for the sake of the sanctuary and its wild inhabitants.

1) Dress appropriately: Clothes that cover your arms and legs are preferred, to keep away bugs and insects, or branches that can leave scratches. Stay away from bright clothing, or attire that has trinkets/noisy bells and tassels.Blending in with the surroundings is desired when you are in the animal’s habitat, so as not to startle/surprise them.

2) Do not interact with wildlife: Do not make sounds trying to attract the animal’s attention. You are there to observe them, and not the other way around. If you see a hunt in progress, do not interfere.If you find an injured animal, call the necessary authorities. Most importantly, if you come across a carcass, do not attempt to disembark from your vehicle and approach it. It could be a fresh kill, and the carnivore that finds you near it will not be very pleased.

3) Maintain decorum: This is very important, as you are in the animal’s home. Do not talk loudly, scream or shout, or be a general nuisance. Remember to obey the entrance and exit timings of the park. They are there for a purpose. Most carnivores hunt at night, and you wouldn’t want to find yourself in an unfortunate situation.

4) Respect the surroundings: Needless to say, the jungle should be treated with absolute respect. Do not get down from your transport to pick up souvenirs like bird feathers, or stones. Do not try and light a fire, or smoke inside the sanctuary premises. Do not try and set up camp in areas where it isn’t permitted. Most importantly, do not litter. Carry a separate bag to collect your litter, and dispose of it in a safe location, away from the jungle.

5) Photography etiquette: Do not try getting close to animals for a perfect shot, as it can provoke/scare them, and considerate towards fellow safari-travellers, and refrain from spending hours trying to get a “perfect photo.” Most importantly, do not publish everything you have, on the internet. It has been reported, that poacher use photographs that tourists post online, to find the exact locations of specific animals. While you should take photos and document your safari, exercise some caution to make sure that your prize picture doesn’t put a target on the animal’s back.


You may also like:- Home to Over 60 Tigers, Mudumalai Tiger Reserve All Set to Become Twice Its Size!


National parks and sanctuaries are supposed to be a space just for the animals, because humans have shamelessly eroded their habitat over the years. We are lucky that they exist and so that we can go and observe these animals thrive in their natural habitat. Let us keep enjoying the beautiful and unique sights and sounds that they provide, never forgetting that we must respect it always, at all costs!

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Video: Mumbaikars Bag Gold for Their Contribution to Indian Wildlife

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Shashank Dalvi is a conservationist and wildlife biologist from Mumbai. His interest in nature began in childhood, and he took the hobby forward when he decided to pursue a career in the field.

The ornithologist was a member of the team which discovered that Amur Falcons are mass hunted in Nagaland. Another feather in his hat is the description of the Himalayan Forest Thrush, a bird species discovered in 2016.

Shashank was awarded the Wildlife Service Award by Sanctuary Asia this year.

Nikit Surve, another Mumbaikar received the Young Naturalist Award from Sanctuary Asia. As a teenager, Nikit aspired to follow the footsteps of Steve Irwin and wanted to work with crocodiles. However, his interests gradually changed to the man-animal conflict. He has been studying leopards through camera trapping and scat analysis.

The fantastic knowledge and commitment that Shashank and Nikit have displayed in their respective fields have been recognised and felicitated by Sanctuary Asia.

Know more about them and their work here:

 

Featured image soources: Sanctuary Asia/ Sanctuary Asia.

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Video: Here’s How India’s Population of Tigers Is Calculated Every Four Years

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Tigers are a symbol of pride for India. They are not only are the national animal of the country, but it is estimated that 60% of the world’s tiger population lives in India.

In India, the big cat inhabits the Sundarbans in the east and the Sanjay Gandhi National Park in the west. You will see them in the hills of Uttarakhand, and the backwaters of Kerala.

According to figures released by the National Tiger Conservation Authority in 2008, only 1411 tigers were left in India’s forests.

Large areas of lands were deforested for the simple fact that these animals are on the top of the food-chain. Saving them would have a trickle-down effect on saving vegetation too.

In such a vast country, how did we come to the number of 1411?

How did we estimate that 60% of the world’s tigers reside in India?

What methodology do we use to calculate the population of this beast, and who all are involved in the counting?

Watch the video to find out.

Featured image source: Flickr.

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It Is Time We Showed the Leopard Some Compassion; Here’s What You Should Do

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Most people who pay attention to wildlife-related issues are aware of the human-tiger conflict in India, but there is another big cat in town making an even bigger ruckus—the Indian leopard.

Not a month goes by without newspaper reports about the attack by a leopard on humans, followed by days of reporting of the hunt for the cat, and invariably, ending with the capture or death of the unfortunate animal. For every headline which speaks of cute cubs being rescued, there are horrific instances where villagers have burnt an animal because it dared to sneak into their midst. India is indeed a place to test the leopard’s survival—leopards in large numbers, live outside protected areas, often alarmingly close to human settlements.

The term ‘man-eating leopard’, romanticised by Jim Corbett, strikes fear into the hearts of people, many of whom might never actually witness one in the wild.

It is indeed ironic that in India for all the hype and bad publicity the leopard gets there is a higher chance of people dying due to civilisation.

Hanging electric wires, and road accidents can kill more people than leopards.Representative image only. Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.
Hanging electric wires, and road accidents can kill more people than leopards.Representative image only. Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.

Road accidents, electrocution, and rail accidents claim far more lives than leopard attacks, but the attacks gain more popularity because people can blame something else, not their own carelessness.

Dr Vidya Athreya, an expert who studies leopards, and is associated with the Wildlife Conservation Society, was based in the town of Akole, Ahmednagar district, for five years, and during her stay there, she found leopards everywhere. 11 adult leopards would roam around the town throughout the day. Why such a high density of wild animals in such a densely populated area?

The answers were plain as day, yet startling. It was again the age-old concept, where feral animals like stray dogs, pigs and other small animals rely on open trash dumps, and meat markets. The leopards, in turn, have made these animals their prey base. A study by Dr Athreya showed that 87% of the leopard’s diet in this area, came from stray animals—dogs made up 39% of the prey base, domestic cats around 12%, and livestock, surprisingly minimal, at 11%.

This is startling because livestock was more abundant than dogs, in the area. The above study cements the fact that leopards, though considered wild, are living off human-related food sources.

Open garbage attracts feral animals that surprisingly make up the leopard's primary prey base.Representative Image only. Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.
Open garbage attracts feral animals that surprisingly make up the leopard’s primary prey base.Representative Image only. Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.

The small percentage of wild animals that make up their prey base are civets, monkeys, birds and mongooses—a far cry from the deer that the big cat usually hunts.

In the 1980’s, the Government introduced irrigation schemes. This led to the cultivation of sugarcane in the otherwise dry Akole region and provided the perfect hiding place for leopards, where they hide and eat dogs, and other stray animals when hunger strikes.

Another study threw up yet another factor. During 2001-2003, attacks in and around Junnar increased, co-incidentally after the Government started relocating hundreds of leopards after livestock attacks. The captured animals would be released around 20 miles from the area, as is usually the case.

Dr Athreya and her team found the incidence of attacks increase by around 325%, with fatal attacks doubling.

The reason—the trapped cats, boxed and traumatised by humans, would acquire behavioural problems.

Trapping and caging a wild leopard has an immensely adverse effect on its psyche.Representative image only.Image Courtesy: Pixabay.
Trapping and caging a wild leopard has an immensely adverse effect on its psyche.Representative image only.Image Courtesy: Pixabay.

Also, these cats have a large territorial range—something that the authorities did not consider. A leopard would more often than note, find itself in the territory of another.

Another study revealed that relocating cats might not be the best solution. This was observed in and around the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, where relocating leopards often opened up the territories for new ones, who weren’t so well-versed in co-existing with humans.

People in settlements around parks are used to, and welcome the leopard’s presence. Near the Tungareshwar Sanctuary, located between Vasai and Virar, not far from Mumbai, there is the Chinchoti bypass, home to many tribal settlements like the Warli and Mahadeo Koli communities that call these forests home.

There is a temple of the village goddess in almost every village, and adjacent to the goddess’s idol, there is another statue—Waghoba.

Shri Waghoba Mandir, in Ratnagiri District of Maharashtra.Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.
Shri Waghoba Mandir, in Ratnagiri District of Maharashtra.Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.

The tribals regard Waghoba as a big cat deity, revered as the king of the jungle, The tribal communities depend on the forest for survival, and have built an almost spiritual connection with it, as part of their culture.

The Waghoba deity is worshipped with reverence, in the belief that it will protect them and their cattle, from potential leopard threats. While people of the land, more specifically tribes, manage to incorporate wild animals into their traditions, many others do not. These stories might be a great way to understand these secretive and timid cats.

In an article in the Indian Express, Dr Athreya explains how large cats can walk hundreds of kilometres, searching for prey. Humans in India average a population density of 300 people per square kilometre.

Leopards don’t prefer competing with tigers, for prey. Hence, in densely-populated tiger areas, leopards are few. Outside these dense forests, there are villages. The leopards thus make do with the thin sliver of land, between reserve and community, preying on small feral animals.

Livestock loss due to wild animals is an age-old problem, with humans coming up with solutions for them, time and again. However, these are usually based on exclusion, removing the offending cats and relocating them somewhere else-always not the best idea A relocated cat, is a disturbed and a traumatised cat, stressed and nervous—not a good trait when confronted by a human.

Leopards are usually shy, and scared of humans, like most other wild animals.

Leopards are very shy, secretive, and will prefer avoiding humans.Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.
Leopards are very shy, secretive, and will prefer avoiding humans.Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.

Even more so, because the animals have developed the idea that unlike themselves, humans kill for fun, not for food. A leopard that wanders into a human settlement is probably as terrified of the people, as the people are of it.

Camera traps set up in and around the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, show leopards preying on dogs and chickens. Perhaps it is the human footprint that attracts them? Small feral animals are easy prey, even though they might not be the ideal food. But you make do with what you get right?

The Sanjay Gandhi National Park is just 104 square kilometres and is occupied by 30 odd leopards. All this, in a city that has more than 28,000 people per square kilometre. Therefore, human-leopard conflicts were inevitable.

When relocation was doing more harm than good, authorities came up with an initiative-the Sanjay Gandhi National Park Experience. The indigenous Warli tribe, residing in the park helped. The initiative wanted to bring a change in the mindset of the people. The study covered critical points—camera traps caught the leopard’s movements, while their movements in areas outside the park were recorded.

The researchers found that in spite of there being an abundant prey base in the park, feral animals like dogs and pigs were abundant. The initiative then trained forest officials in various aspects, most importantly in the task of redressing a situation. They were taught to tranquilise the animal, if necessary.

The third stage was to develop partnerships. For this, the authorities discussed with the municipal corporation, to provide better street-lights, and safer public toilets, and manage the garbage that attracts stray dogs. The police force was also sensitised, to prevent an untoward mob incident, in case a leopard was sighted. Media houses were requested not to sensationalise the news. The final stage, was to sensitise the public, and inform them of the do’s and don’ts, in case of a leopard sighting.

This move, from sensational news to sensibilities, is a much-needed one.

The leopard, a breathtaking cat, deserves better.Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.
The leopard, a breathtaking cat, deserves better.Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.

 

Hopefully, gone are the days, when the picture of a possibly traumatised cat, with its teeth bared, inside a tiny cage, will be titled “Aggressive and dangerous man-eating killer captured.”

When it comes to the basics of dealing with a wild animal confrontation, it is best to eliminate fear. Fear gives rise to rash thinking and behaviour. Peacefully sharing space and co-existing with animals might mitigate some of this concern.

Populations that share living space with wild animals understand the animal’s behaviour and act accordingly. Weaving them into myth and folklore causes them to respect the ecosystem and animal more.

We have been steadily eroding forests, and indiscriminately swallowing up the vast ranges of land that these cats need, for their survival. The leopards are confused and are forced to survive on the fringes of civilisation, scraping through by hunting feral dogs and pigs. The sudden intrusion of a human is startling and is what probably leads to the attack.

It is essential to understand the concept of shared space. No more, can we just randomly relocate cats, without paying heed to their survival requirements.

The elusive, shy, and gorgeous leopard, is making do in India, just as mountain lions, on the fringes of civilisation in California, coyotes in Chicago, wolves on the outskirts of Rome, and great white sharks off Cape Cod.

2017 was marked by a few landmark instances, in which the leopard was handled carefully and professionally, and rehabilitated in a suitable manner.

Two leopards were rescued from wells in Maharashtra and Kozhikode respectively, while another was rescued from the Maruti Suzuki plant in Manesar, and another from a garage in Goa. The best rescue was the cat from the well in Maharashtra. At some point during the operation, the animal probably sensed that everything being done was for its good, and looked up at its rescuers, with an almost thankful expression.

This moment was immortalised by Anand Bora, who won an award.

The leopard seemed to instinctively trust the humans trying to save it.Picture Courtesy:Sanctuary Asia.
The leopard seemed to instinctively trust the humans trying to save it.Picture Courtesy:Sanctuary Asia.

Once pulled up, the leopard stared at its rescuers, and with one leap cleared the well’s rim and ran into the forest, all in a matter of seconds, reminding us yet once again that these animals are wild, and not comfortable around humans, and given a chance, would avoid us entirely.


You may also like:- What to Do If a Leopard Wanders Into a Village? A Microchip Will Rescue the Cat!


It is only fair that the next time one strays into our midst, we treat it responsibly, and don’t set it on fire, in its cage.

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Corbett National Park’s Adored Safari Elephants Get a Retirement Party!

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Pawanpari, Sonakali, and Lacchama, three elephants who served the Jim Corbett National Park for around four decades, retired amidst an emotional farewell, at a function organised for them near the park’s Dhangari Gate.

The gentle pachyderms had a lot of responsibility. They would take thousands of tourists on safaris through the park and help the rangers patrol the park, famous for its thriving tiger population.

Elephants are used extensively in national parks. Picture Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.
Elephants are used extensively in national parks. Picture Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.

Elephants are the best way to see wildlife because they access places where automobiles don’t go, and more importantly, other animals don’t get spooked by their presence.

All the elephants have crossed 65 years of age. They came to the Jim Corbett National Park in the 1970’s, from Assam and Karnataka, and have been tirelessly serving the forest department since.

The elephants will no longer be used for duty and will be kept at Kalagarh camp and be taken care of by the forest department.

Uttarakhand Forest Minister, Harak Singh Rawat, while feeding jaggery to the elephants, said “I will never forget this event. The park authorities have taken a praiseworthy step to honour the services provided by the jumbos to the department.”


You may also likeTBI Blogs: How Do Rescued Elephants Fight the Bitter Chill of Winter? With Jumbo Jackets, of Course!


The elephant’s mahouts were felicitated as well. Pawanpari is special, as she had saved a mahout’s life when he was attacked by a tiger. The brave elephant charged at the big cat and made it flee.

After years of selfless service to the park, the elephants are going to get some much-deserved rest!

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In Manipur, A Couple Buys Wildlife From Poachers for an Amazing Reason.

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Only a few days ago, 45-year-old Daniel came across 15 kids armed with catapults. They were playing a game, one Daniel had seen many kids their age play in the last three years since he shifted to his wife, Galina’s hometown of Tamenglong in Manipur.

And just like he had been doing for the last three years, he huddled up with them and told them how killing birds wasn’t a game or a tradition to be proud of. From talking about the importance of conservation to even quoting the Bible, he expected his words would sink in.

A few hours later, when he took the same route back, there were feathers and blood on the road.

“They had done their work regardless,” says Daniel, speaking to The Better India.

45-year-old Daniel Macwan, a disc jockey originally hailing from Bandra in Mumbai, had only heard of the hunting practices in Tamenglong. But it wasn’t until he started witnessing it with his own eyes, that he decided to take up wildlife conservation in the area, with his wife, Galina.

In Manipur, A Couple Buys Wildlife From Poachers. For An Amazing Reason.
Daniel & Galina

Some of the most highly endangered and trafficked wildlife in the world – Chinese pangolins, Red Serow, Great Barbet, monkeys, pythons, civets and leopard cats – can be found on sale, if you were to take a walk through the Tamenglong market.

The Chinese pangolin, the most trafficked wildlife in the world, is on the IUCN red list and is legally protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.

In Manipur A Couple Buys Wildlife From Poachers For An Amazing Reason
The Chinese Pangolin on sale in Tamenglong Market

But villagers continue to sell it for its meat and scale, largely due to superstitious beliefs that the scales of pangolins can be used to ‘cure’ anything from acne to cancer.

“I have tried to explain to hunters and poachers multiple times that the idea of pangolins being medicinal is false and not scientifically proven. But the sale continues in the local markets and through the Myanmar border into Chinese territory, which is a day’s drive away. We try to rescue as many as we find in the market. But at most times these are either dead and bloodied or too weak to survive. Just the sale of the scales of the pangolins earns them over Rs 15,000 per kg,” says Daniel.

There is absolutely no official checking or banning on hunting, capturing or sale of these sorts of wildlife in the town. But over time, the couple realised that speaking to people in the markets who sold these animals was barking up the wrong tree.

Many of these villagers were genuinely poor and largely dependent on the forest and sale of animals, for livelihood.

The biggest challenge was to give these hunters, who are otherwise unemployed for most of the year an alternative source of income.

But the question still stood – how?

“Despite talking to prominent people in town, nothing came out of those discussions. Out of frustration I took to social media and started getting in touch with NGOs in India and abroad. We were promised the stars and the moon. But when it came to on-ground action, we realised everything we were told was too good to be true,” says Daniel.

The primary reason for the existing hunting practices is many of the villagers have been hunters by tradition and over the years, the adults, as well as the children, have become desensitised to animal killings, because it’s part and parcel of their daily lives.

Many of these villages are so endowed with flora and fauna that there have even been sightings of clouded leopards and the Royal Bengal tiger.

At one of the gatherings when Daniel spoke about the brutal hunting of a Royal Bengal Tiger, nobody raised an eyebrow. It was at this time that the gravity of this desensitisation sunk in.

Even the children had no pity for animals and birds. It is usual to see them roaming the streets with catapults, just like it is to see the adults with guns.

In order to increase awareness, Daniel reached out to many NGOs to supply books that could be given to these kids to educate them about conservation. “One organisation form Mumbai donated 48 books. When the schools reopen in February after the winter vacations, I’ll take the books to them,” he says.

And while most people are never violent towards Daniel or Galina, since Galina’s family is well-respected and her dad served as the first education officer there, their mindsets haven’t changed.

“They hear but don’t listen. Some of the river crocodiles have vanished forever. Nobody has seen a black bear in years. Why can’t we use the thousands and lakhs of rupees spent on World Environment Day for cultural programmes on hunters and poachers to convince them to release the captured wildlife? All we need to tell them is – Send your kid to school with this money, but please protect the area,” says Daniel.

This is a mode that Daniel and Galina have used multiple times. They negotiate with poachers to buy endangered animals and bring them to their own home to nurse them back to health just to release them into the wild again or send them to Imphal, bearing the costs of the fuel and driver, which is a seven-hour drive.

In Manipur A Couple Buys Wildlife From Poachers For An Amazing Reason

“We too are low on funds. Just a few days back we bought two Asian forest tortoises each weighing 26-27 kgs at Rs 3,500 each and handed them over to the Manipur zoological garden authorities in Imphal. These were later released at Keibul Lamjao National Park by state forest authorities,” says Daniel.

For the longest time, there was no safe place for the rescued wildlife to be sheltered, where hunters wouldn’t capture them.

Until a few day back there was only one bank for the entire district. And at most times, the ATMs aren’t fully functional. There were times when they was an animal for sale in the market, and the duo did not have ready cash.

“We sat with tears in our eyes, absolutely helpless watching those voiceless animals dying,” says Daniel.

He recalls the incident when they bought a leopard cat from a hunter for Rs 1,000. It was a baby snatched away from its mother. And since it was too young, so the couple fed her milk every three hours. Sadly, the cub suffered diarrhoea and died as they could not find any vets in the area.

In Manipur A Couple Buys Wildlife From Poachers For An Amazing Reason
A leopard cat.

The district also lacks any rehabilitative infrastructure and veterinary hospitals for rescued animals. It’s common to see cattle, with oozing wounds and maggots. The system to contain any of these is limited to traditional medicine like neem leaves.

It isn’t just wildlife, but also stray dogs that are subjected to inhuman treatment, where their meat is sold for consumption purposes.

“So, we often see a lot of dogs with their mouth tied inside gurney bags to avoid their screams from being heard. We spoke to ladies saying, ‘We know it’s your tradition and has been on for aeons, but can you show a little mercy? Let them eat food or drink a little water? Let them breathe with their mouths open?’” says Daniel.

Though changing mindsets is no overnight task, the success of these passionate animal lovers reflects in one of their success stories. It was a usual day when one of the ladies, who was a dog meat seller, walked up to their home and met Galina saying she wanted to give it up.

“She asked us for money to start a business instead. We gave her the little money we had and even asked our friends for help. Today she is earning a living selling artificial jewellery,” says Daniel.


Read more: This Seed Keeper Preserves Over 500 Rare Varieties. Here’s How You Can Become One Too!


Looking at the exceptional work the couple is doing, one of Galina’s uncles even gave them a 20-acre forest plot to continue their conservation efforts. It is an hour and a half walk away from their current home.

In Manipur A Couple Buys Wildlife From Poachers For An Amazing Reason
Daniel and Galina at work.

“We have set up Tamenglong Animals home in the plot. We are now looking for funds to fence the area to avoid trespassers from entering. We hope many honest big organisations get on board to help us. We are in desperate need of funds and a vehicle to help these animals,” says Daniel.

The couple has managed to rescue over 26 animals till date.

Daniel’s vision for the future is to not only change mindsets and create alternative sources of income for villagers but also turn hunters into protectors of the forest.

As a DJ Daniel worked across pubs like Ghetto and Rasana Pubs, Groove, the Music Destination, Salimar Hotel, Shantranj and QI in Mumbai for nearly seven years. He could have easily opted for a comfortable life. But he, together with Galina, decided to become a voice of to the wildlife. We salute the spirit of the couple!

Get in touch with Daniel at 8257883669 or visit http://tamenglonganimalshome.org/.

Write to him at marcus_daniel@hotmail.com

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This Tiger Lost His Paw to Poachers. So This Surgeon Is Gifting Him a New One!

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Sahebrao was only two when his sibling died. They were caught in a poacher’s steel trap outside Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve. Even though the tiger was rescued, he suffered a grave injury on his front left paw, causing it to be amputated in 2012.

Today, at 8, Sahebrao is the pride of his home, the Gorewada Rescue Centre in Nagpur.

But it is heartbreaking to see the magnificent big cat limp his way through, struggling with his 200-kg body weight.

One man is set to change this and give the tiger a new lease of life with a prosthetic limb implant.

Sahebrao- tiger-surgeon- new-paw
Dr Sushrut Babhulkar. Source: Facebook/ Sushrut Babhulkar

Top orthopaedic surgeon and leading veterinary doctor of the Maharashtra Animal and Fisheries Science University (MAFSU), Dr Sushrut Babhulkar has decided to procure an artificial limb from AO Foundation in Germany. The foundation is renowned for its bone healing principles, methods, treatments and surgeries for fractures in humans and animals. It is hoped this will help Sahebrao walk comfortably and hopefully run someday too.

Speaking to the Times of India, Dr Babhulkar expressed how it is common to fit dogs and elephants around the world with a prosthetic limb implant, this will perhaps will be the first time, the procedure will be conducted on a tiger.

The orthopaedic surgeon adopted the eight-year-old Sahebrao last year under a scheme for animals launched by the Forest Development Corporation of Maharashtra (FDCM).

After discussing the possibility of prosthetic limb implant for Sahebrao with ex-associate dean of Nagpur Veterinary College Dr N P Dakshinkar, senior wildlife vets Dr Vinod Dhoot, Dr Gautam Bhojne, and Dr Shirish Upadhye, who literally revived him back to life in 2012, Dr Babhuulkar has laid out his plan of action.

The surgeon’s first priority is to evaluate the painful neuroma of the tiger by conducting clinical tests and treating it. This will relieve Sahebrao of pain, post which the doctors will fit the tiger with a silicone prosthesis. The aim is to give the new paw a natural look, while making sure the tiger cannot remove it.


Read more: Skip the Forced Tiger Safaris and Try These 6 Unique Forest Experiences


“It will also be free from infections post fitting. It will build confidence in the animal about natural walking….I will also arrange for a portable x-ray at the spot and treat the animal and ensure it undergoes minimum stress… I’ll talk to AO and ensure Sahebrao starts walking gracefully. He is the pride of the region,” Dr Babhulkar told TOI.

We salute Dr Sushrut Babhulkar and wish him the very best.

We hope it won’t be long until a video of Sahebrao happily sprinting across the reserve with his new paw goes viral for the world to see!

Loved reading story? Here’s another unique story of how a couple quit their jobs to raise their son in a tiger reserve!

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Saw an Owl in Cage in Your City? Here’s How You Can Save Its Life!

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A fluffy ball of feathers, with a tiny hooked beak and big eyes, ever so often hoots from thick foliage after sunset.

The Owl, a nocturnal bird, has been a symbol of wisdom, of good omens and evil, in different cultures. However, it turns out that the blind beliefs of humans are hardly ever restricted to humankind.

There are several unfounded beliefs about the animal kingdom, and many humans tend to act on them, making innocent animals the victims of our superstitions.

A spotted owlet. Source.

Owls and some of their body parts have been a crucial element in the sorcery practised by many “tantrik” or black magic practitioners. Recently, three people were arrested in the Chikkaballapur district of Karnataka for trafficking of these birds.

Although owls are protected under India’s 1972 Wildlife Protection Act, some species are worth lakhs, which makes its trade extremely tempting for some unscrupulous souls.

An official with the Forest Department told the News Minute,

“Indian Eagle-Owls are said to be used for black magic practices. Depending upon the size of these owls, they sell for as high as Rs 50 lakh per owl.”

(L) Owls caged for black magic: Source. (R) Performing black magic: Source.

It’s not just trafficking which lands owls in grave danger; even the concrete jungle and its elements possess threats to them. So here’s a list of organizations you can contact to rescue owls in case you see them caged, trapped or stuck.


You may also like: This Elephant Rescue Operation Takes ‘Kindness to Animals’ to Another Level!


1) Chennai: Blue Cross of India
You can call Blue Cross of India for the rescue of owls, cats, dogs, cattle etc. They request you to stay at the site till they arrive and guide them to the animal.

Call them on- +91-44-22354959 / +91-44-22300666 / +91-44-22300655

In case they don’t answer the first time, please be patient because Blue Cross claims that it gets over 150 calls a day.

2) Bengaluru: The Wildlife Rescue & Rehabilitation Centre

WRRC has started a treatment and rehabilitation centre in collaboration with the Karnataka Forest Department. Once rescued, the birds will be relocated to the Bannerghatta Rehabilitation Centre which has recreated wild habitats to offer refuge to birds, small primates and reptiles etc.

Ulsoor Cross road: +91 80 2294 7307 / 7317
Richmond town: +91 80 22947307

3) Mumbai- Humane Society International:

The HSI team assisted the forest department team in a recent rescue of owls from three traders in Karnataka. You can contact the following people if you have queries, or find an owl being sold in Mumbai.

Owl helpline: +91 8899117773
C Samyukta for wildlife issues: +91 9000846677

The owl rescued by HSI. Source: HSI.

4) Delhi/Agra/Vadodara: Wildlife SOS

If you happen to witness wildlife animals in distress in any of these regions, you can contact Wildlife SOS. The helpline numbers for the above regions are:

Delhi NCT: +91-9871963535
Agra: +91-9917109666
Vadodara Region in Gujarat: +91-9825011117

If you have the contact details of any additional organisations that have rescued owls and will be able to help in the future, please do mention them in the comment section.

Featured image sources: Wikimedia Commons/ Pixabay.

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This Awesome Mumbai Couple Sells Wildlife Pics to Help Thirsty Animals Beat the Heat!

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Mumbai-based couple has become a shining example for those who wish to do something to save wildlife but don’t have the resources to or are perhaps clueless about where to begin.

Dr Sarita Subramaniam and Dr PV Subramaniam, both dentists, have travelled far and wide across the length and breadth of India to stay connected to nature, and have found a novel solution to help save wildlife from dehydration this scorching summer.

At the recently held Chembur festival, the Mumbai couple decided to sell 20 canvas size eye-catching wildlife photographs from their collection of photographs over the last 25 years to raise money for a continuous supply of drinking water for wildlife at the Bandipur Tiger Reserve.

couple wildlife pictures
Dr PV Subramaniam and Dr Sarita Subramaniam. Source: Facebook

Their idea was successful, and how! The wildlife enthusiasts managed to raise an amount of Rs 1 lakh—the selected 20 pictures on canvas prints were sold within the range of Rs 5,000 to Rs 21,000. This money will now be used to buy solar pumps for borewells to supply water for the animals in the reserve.

“We have been travelling across the country for the last 25 years but for the sale, we chose pictures from the last three to four years. These are pictures taken from Kanha National Park, Corbett National Park, Ranthambore National Park and even Ladakh,” Dr PV Subramaniam told the Indian Express.

During the course of their travels, the couple started to focus more and more on looking at issues on the ground, and this led to a paradigm shift in their thoughts and actions. They realised that they were no longer interested in being tourists basking in nature’s glory, but were concerned wildlife enthusiasts scrutinising the problems being faced by wildlife in the country.

Pushed by their own observations, they took it upon themselves to provide solar-powered pumps for existing borewells to fill water holes. Raising funds from family and friends on social media they have already bought one pump costing over Rs 3.16 lakhs.

“During our trips, we learnt that the Reserve needs pumps to bring in water to the watering holes. We volunteered to purchase them and began raising funds. We need to buy three more pumps, two costing Rs 3.16 lakhs and another costing Rs 4.2 lakhs. The third pump is more expensive as the borewell is deeper than the others,” Dr Sarita Subramaniam told the Indian Express.

This interest also led to the establishment of their NGO—Earth Brigade Foundation—which works for wildlife-related issues.

“Over the years we have been able to find out about the various issues that plague these areas. Especially of the communities who live near the forests,” Dr Subramaniam told Indian Express.

One of the most captivating pictures among the ones on sale also happens to be Dr Subramaniam’s personal favourite.

couple wildlife pictures
The iconic picture of a tigress dragging her prey across the water. Photo Credit: Dr PV & Sarita Subramaniam.
Source: Facebook/Earth Brigade Foundation.

“We took a photograph of a tigress carrying a freshly killed deer fawn in its mouth across a rivulet. It was taking the kill to her three cubs. It was heartening to see that the mother did not even taste the kill and left it for the cubs to relish. While we felt sad for the fawn who lost its life we realised this was the law of nature,” he told the publication.


Read more: In Manipur, A Couple Buys Wildlife From Poachers for an Amazing Reason.


You can have a look at the album of pictures that the couple is still printing to raise money for wildlife on the NGO’s Facebook page, here.

We hope more couples are inspired to make the most of the trips they embark on and channelise their observations of complex issues they encounter on the ground and turn it into a wonderful cause like the Subramaniams. Kudos to them!

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Thanks to These Heroes, Mumbai Beach Welcomes Olive Ridley Turtles After 20 Years

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On Thursday morning, the Versova beach in Mumbai welcomed around 80 palm-sized turtles, making their way slowly but surely in the Arabian Sea.

Why is this event so special?

Well, for starters, the turtles in question are Olive Ridley Turtle, and their eggs hatched on a Mumbai beach after 20 years, and it was all thanks to the efforts of hundreds of Mumbaikars who have been cleaning the Versova beach for over two years now.

The Olive Ridley Turtle has been classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as a vulnerable species, which is likely to become endangered unless the circumstances that are threatening its survival and reproduction improve.

According to WWF India, “Olive Ridley Turtles are the smallest and most abundant of all sea turtles found in the world” and live in the warm parts Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans.

The females lay their eggs on the same beach that they hatched from!

Tiny Olive Ridley Turtles on a beach. Source.

However, for the past 20 years, these turtles had stopped visiting Mumbai, thanks to the number of pollutants and plastic on the beaches. Not only is the trash an unwelcoming home to lay eggs, but is also a threat to the lives of the tiny turtles who have to walk from their nesting site to the sea all by themselves.

Afroz Shah had taken the initiative to clean up Versova beaches and collect all the plastic dumped there. According to the Hindustan Times, in only 126 weeks, Afroz Shah and the Versova Residents Volunteers’ team has successfully cleared 13 million kg of garbage, which included plastic from the beach.

Speaking about the Olive Ridley Turtle hatchlings, Prashant Deshmukh, range forest officer, Mumbai Mangrove Conservation Unit said,

“Such an incident happened after 20 years. The presence of more turtle nesting sites cannot be ruled out. We will push for the development of a turtle rescue centre close to this nesting site, and we expect it to be built soon.”


The residents too were thrilled to see that wildlife is returning to Versova. “It was a delightful sight to see our clean-up efforts bear fruits, as turtles have made their home at Versova beach, probably the only beach in Mumbai where they are currently present,” said Afroz Shah.


You may also like: Time is Running Out for These 16 Endangered Wildlife Species in India. Learn More About Them.


Apart from Versova, these turtles are found on the beaches of Velas, Anjarle, Harihareshwar, Maral and Diveagar in Maharashtra.

The largest nesting site of the world is in Odisha along the coasts of the Bay of Bengal. Villagers in Odisha, too, have made attempts to save the nesting sites and ensure safety to the newborn turtles. You can read more about this story here.

Edited by Gayatri Mishra.

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Where Have All the Sparrows Gone? Humans Are to Blame, but We Can Change That!

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As a child growing up in Pune, sparrows had always been an integral part of my life. I always heard stories about sparrows and crows, woke up to their chirping outside the window, and in the evening when I played outside with friends, they were there—eating grains in small clusters.

No wonder these common species of sparrows are called house sparrows—they were always a part of housing societies even in urban spaces.

But as years passed, this scenario changed. Sparrows, which were as common as crows and stray dogs, can now be spotted only in villages and fields. How did this come to be? And can we help them get their old spaces back?

While we associate most birds with wildlife, a few species have evolved in a way to thrive in human habitats. Crows, for example, feast on leftover human foods, meat pieces etc., which is why they live around us.

Sparrows mostly eat seeds and grains that can be found in plenty around any local grocery stores, but they have also adapted to eat leftover human food. According to WWF India, adult sparrows feed insects to their young ones.

The melodious chirping of these adorable little avians and a zero problem with breeding or dirtying our environment had made house sparrows a unanimous favourite among humans, and sparrows returned our love. They found homes in crevices, holes in our walls or boxes and other garden ornaments. It was a perfect symbiotic relationship.

Until rapid urbanisation made its way to the cities.

Mohammed Dilawar is a sparrow conservation activist who has been studying the nature and behaviour of these species for over 15 years now. He has narrowed down the reasons behind the decline of sparrow population to six main factors—

Lack of nesting, modern architecture, destroying what used to be a perfect habitat for them, excessive use of insecticides, large-scale plantation of exotic plant species and electromagnetic radiation from cell phone towers.

A female house sparrow. Source.

A survey conducted by Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) in 2013 shows that sparrows vanished from about 50% of what used to be their habitat before 2005. This change occurred in just seven years. Furthermore, a study by the Ela foundation revealed that cities like Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur and Nashik have seen a 50% dip in their sparrow population.

This means that the habitats of house sparrows have cut down by half since 2005, and only half of their total population lives in the remaining areas.

Speaking about the need to conserve these birds, Mohammed told the Hindustan Times, “No one believed that sparrows needed conservation during the early 90s.

Source.

So, it was my intention to raise awareness among people as citizens are the only source of safety for these birds. Once this happened, other agencies and the government would automatically initiate conservation efforts.”

Mohammed formed the Nature Forever Society (NFS) with the aim to “involve the citizens in the conservation movement of India.” The sparrow conservationists are holders of Limca Book of Records for their conservation efforts and the distribution of bird feeders across 28 states.


You may also like: On World Sparrow Day, How About Feeding and Sheltering The Little Bird?


They had a major part to play in making the house sparrow the state bird of Delhi in 2012.

Over the years since NFS was formed, Dilawar has convinced more than 40,000 people to join his cause. They conduct awareness drives, exhibitions and contests to spread their word across schools, colleges. Wildlife enthusiasts, office complexes etc.

He firmly believes that the future of the birds is in the hands of the citizens, and it is up to us to provide them with a healthy environment to thrive in.

“No government policies can save these species,” he says, adding that “As citizens, all we need to do is open our doors, windows, and our heart to nurture these birds, and we will be successful.”

(Edited by Gayatri Mishra)

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How an IFS Officer & a DNA Expert Played a Key Role in the Blackbuck Conviction

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Salman Khan has eluded law and order for the past two decades, and whether one likes it or not, it can conclusively be said that with his conviction, justice has finally been served.

However, had it not been for the breakthrough idea presented by one IFS officer and the incorporation of DNA-based technology to identify the poached animals, the celebrity would have possibly walked away without being convicted.

A central role in solving the case has to be attributed to Hyderabad-based Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics (CDFD), and its scientists, whose intensive study that started in 1999 was presented as the lone standing evidence for the case.

Dr GV Rao (Source: Twitter) and Salman Khan (Source: Facebook).

According to Dr GV Rao, the former chief staff scientist at CDFD who had handled the black buck case when it came to the institute in 1999, the identification of animals in poaching cases used to be done only through anthropological features.

“However, a young Indian Forest Service officer, who exhumed the buried carcasses of the black bucks, was knowledgeable about the DNA-based technology used in human identification and sought CDFD’s help in the case,” he told The New Indian Express.

Dr Rao further added that it was the officer’s conviction that further propelled the course of the investigation on the DNA route.


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“The IFS officer said that only a scientifically-proven report establishing that the carcasses were that of black bucks would stand in court. This is because till then, the reports on the identification of animal carcasses used to involve giving results like ‘the carcass belongs to antelope family,’ which would not hold in the court,” he added.

Intrigued by the officer’s perspective, Dr Rao took on the responsibility and started the investigation by first collecting blood samples from the black bucks at Hyderabad zoo from which its DNA was extracted and then comparing it with the DNA samples of different antelope species.

Alongside, he had extracted DNA samples from the skins and bones of the exhumed carcasses to identify the species.

The endangered Black Buck. Source: Wikimedia.

With the help of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method and the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology, he was able to establish a unique strain in the DNA of black bucks, which then helped to confirm that the exhumed carcasses belonged to two different black bucks.

Dr Rao had used this piece of evidence to depose in the case, in 2000, and verified that the carcasses belonged to black bucks.


You may also like: Poachers Beware: Forest Dept Gets New 24×7 Helpline for Complaints


Interestingly, this case led to the development of Universal Primer Technology (UPT) by Dr Sunil Kumar Verma and Dr Lalji Singh—the former had in fact worked with Dr Rao in the black buck case in CDFD.

UPT is a DNA barcoding method that can identify any bird, fish, reptile or mammal from a small biological sample, and satisfy the requirements for legal evidence, in a court of law. This technology has revolutionised the field of wildlife forensics and is now routinely used across India to provide a species identification service in cases of wildlife crime.

(Edited by Gayatri Mishra)

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On Spotting an Unconscious Leopard, These Forest Officials Did the Unthinkable!

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The life of a forest officer is hard, especially for those who work in UP’s Maharajganj district, which is a region well-known for its leopard activity.

While it may sound thrilling, taking care of a range populated by big cats, is dangerous. However, forest department employees here shook off their fear and risked their lives, when it mattered the most.

It all started, when a leopard was found lying unconscious near Potha Nulla at Tangia 28 nursery in Dakshini Chowk.

The leopard was found unconscious by forest officials, who took it under their care immediately. Representative image only. Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.
The leopard was found unconscious by forest officials, who took it under their care immediately. Representative image only. Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons.

Now, most of us would run in the opposite direction when we come across a predator—conscious or unconscious.

However, these men are forest officials, and their job is to take care of wildlife, even in extraordinary circumstances.

The authorities contacted ranger Daya Shankar Tiwari, who rushed to the spot, with assistance from forest officials DP Khushwaha, Virendra and Mobin Ali.

They then informed Divisional Forest Officer (DFO) Manish Singh about the ailing leopard, who immediately sent a request for a cage so that the injured cat could be transported to a nearby veterinary hospital.

However, time was running out, and waiting for a cage would prove to be fatal. This is the moment when quick thinking came into play—two staffers chipped in, offering to carry the cat on a motorcycle, to save its life.

Now, one can call this foolhardy or brave, but one cannot ignore the fact that this was on-the-spot thinking at its best. Making do with what you have, in the face of an impending disaster.

According to DFO Singh, who spoke to the Times of India, the forest officials carried it on a motorcycle to a forest department office, from where it was taken to a hospital in a cage.


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Treated and given food, the leopard recovered quickly, and was kept under observation for 2 days. The DFO rounded off by saying that an investigation into the frequent sickness among leopards in Dakshini Chowk range, is underway.

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Being a Taxidermist: A Unique Profession, and the Last Indian Who Practices It!

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Dr Santosh Gaikwad has always loved animals. Which is why he chose to be a veterinary doctor very early in his life. His passion for helping animals led him to become a Veterinarian and a Professor of Anatomy at the Bombay Veterinary College.

In the year 2003, Dr Gaikwad happened to visit the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya, which at the time, was known as the Prince of Wales Museum. It was in the Natural History section there that he was enamoured by the life-like quality of the stuffed mammals and bird specimens.

A young Dr Gaikwad was stunned and very intrigued, determined to learn the technique of preservation himself.

Dr Gaikwad was intrigued by what he saw, and decided to pursue taxidermy. Image Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad.
Dr Gaikwad was intrigued by what he saw, and decided to pursue taxidermy. Image Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad.

“I was not aware that the correct term for the stuffed specimens was taxidermy. They were so life-like, I was truly surprised,” says Dr Gaikwad, of his first experience with the stuffed animals at the museum.

Dr Gaikwad then embarked upon a mission–to learn this forgotten art and practice it himself. Being an Assistant Professor of Anatomy, his interest to become a taxidermist aligned with his skills as a veterinary doctor. “They appeared so real, that if kept in a garden, people would see them and get scared,” says Dr Gaikwad, reminiscing about his visit to the museum.

Dr Gaikwad was immediately attracted to the concept.

Subconsciously, Dr Gaikwad the taxidermist knew he wanted to pursue taxidermy. Image Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad
Subconsciously, Dr Gaikwad knew he wanted to pursue taxidermy. Image Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad

“Such is the power of the subconscious mind. If there is an idea planted there, you will work towards making it come true,” says Dr Gaikwad.

After his museum visit, he spent a sleepless night. Staying up, he wondered how the process took place. He thought about the role that anatomy would play.

He then searched for like-minded individuals but hardly found any. There were no taxidermy enthusiasts in India. He wanted to find the correct way to go about taxidermy.

Dr Gaikwad also ran into roadblocks because of a Wildlife Protection Act which does not permit a taxidermist to work on endangered species. Due to the fear of smuggling, the bodies of dead wild animals are simply torched. The Chief Wildlife Warden’s permission has to be sought if a dead animal from the endangered species list is to be taken by a taxidermist.

Working in the Bombay Veterinary College gave Dr Gaikwad exclusive access to animals that had passed away. It took some time to acquire knowledge about the various procedures involved in taxidermy.

Like everyone who starts small, Dr Gaikwad first started with birds.

Dr Gaikwad the taxidermist, following his passion for taxidermy, started working with birds. Picture Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad
Dr Gaikwad, following his passion for taxidermy, started working with birds. Picture Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad

“There were dead birds in my bag. I would use the dinner table to operate, as birds don’t take up much space,” says Dr Gaikwad.

He faced difficulties in the beginning. His technique of skinning the animals needed to be improved. Overcoming the initial frustration through practice, Dr Gaikwad soon started noticing his proficiency increase.

His first order for a stuffed specimen came from Dr Balasabeb Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, an agricultural university at Dapoli, Maharashtra. The order comprised a few birds. Another request came from a poultry breeding farm.

“It was slowly through word of mouth and the media, that the idea spread among people,” says Dr Gaikwad.

It was only after some time, that Dr Gaikwad approached the Forest Department, with the idea of preserving wild animals. Around 2006-2007, the Forest Department gave the taxidermist a case-by-case licence. On 1st October 2009, the Maharashtra Forest Department started the Wildlife Taxidermy Centre, at the Sanjay Gandhi National Park in Mumbai. It is the only such institute of its kind in India.

Until now, Taxidermy was restricted to wild animals for Dr Gaikwad. However, its popularity has grown to grieving pet owners, who want to preserve their pets for posterity. These people contact Dr Gaikwad, who helps them by creating a taxidermy model out of their beloved pets.

Dr Gaikwad the taxidermist works with all sorts of animals, from fish, to birds, to mammals and crustaceans, in his field of taxidermy. Image Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad
Dr Gaikwad works with all sorts of animals, from fish, to birds, to mammals and crustaceans, in his field of taxidermy. Image Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad

“Someone from Bengaluru brought their Great Dane, and people from Tamil Nadu and other states also brought their pets,” says Dr Gaikwad, while speaking about the popularity of taxidermy amongst pet owners who have recently lost their pets.

“It is a multidisciplinary art,” says Dr Gaikwad, breaking down taxidermy into five parts:

Anatomy
Painting
Sculpting
Carpentry
Cobblery

The dead animal is skinned, after which the skin is stuffed with fibre and paper mache. The animal is then restored to its original appearance–a life-size replica.

Coming a long way since the first few stuffed birds he made in 2003, India’s last taxidermist has worked with over 500 birds and hundreds of fish and reptiles, and more than a dozen big cats.

“My favourite project is the one in which I worked with two Indian leopards,” says Dr Gaikwad, when quizzed about his favourite project. Raja and Krishna used to live together and were inseparable. However, Raja died in 2016, and Krishna followed six months later. Today, both leopards are together–mounted at the Sanjay Gandhi National Park.

Following this forgotten practice had some unique moments. Once, Dr Gaikwad was held by airport officials at Nainital. He was on his to Mumbai with the bones and skin of a tiger. The airport security personnel were alarmed after scanning the luggage and minutes before the flight took off, Dr Gaikwad was summoned to the security counters, where he had to explain the contents of his luggage. Explaining wasn’t enough–Dr Gaikwad had to brandish the paperwork, which forced the airline authorities to let him go. He, however, missed his flight and had to be accommodated in the next one.

Dr Gaikwad has been pursuing taxidermy for a long time, and when asked about the future of the obscure practice, he says there are a few who he mentors at the Wildlife Taxidermy Centre.

With taxidermy, as with anything else, Dr Gaikwad the taxidermist says that the person's interest has to be constant. Image Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad
With taxidermy, as with anything else, Dr Gaikwad says that the person’s interest has to be constant. Image Courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad

“Their enthusiasm has to be there, constant from the beginning. It cannot drop out, or fade–which is something that I can recognise immediately,” says Dr Gaikward. He stresses upon the fact that an avid interest in taxidermy needs to be constant. One cannot start the practice and abandon it midway.

Starting with small birds and fishes during his early days, Dr Gaikwad was called upon to preserve India’s last Siberian Tiger in 2008. He was invited by the Bharat Ratna Pandit GB Pant High School to do so. Dr Gaikwad is meticulous in practising his craft, as attention to detail makes the stuffed animal seem as real as possible.


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Taxidermy is an art relatively unknown in our country. While there are trophies mounted in heritage buildings and hotels, the art is still not well-known. Dr Gaikwad is the last practising taxidermist. Carefully poring over his difficult craft, he hopes it will not be forgotten in the dusty pages of history!

(Edited by Shruti Singhal)

All images courtesy: Dr Santosh Gaikwad.

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Jim Corbett: The Hunter Called ‘Carpet Sahib’ Who Became a Crusader for Animal Rights

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Walking in villages near the Jim Corbett National Park will take you to an unimaginable realm. Surrounded by lush Himalayan trees on all sides, the villages are home to thousands of birds and animals that live in harmony with humans.

Villages like Chhoti Haldwani live with a completely different understanding of forests and wild animals from the mainstream narrative. For these villagers, the forests are a part of their lives. They enter these dense jungles and roam with wild animals on an everyday basis.

To them, the jungle is their home, a connection very few of us can genuinely understand.

If you happen to visit villages near the jungles of Nainital, you will hear one name above all others, quite prominently. Edward James Corbett or Jim Corbett as we know him was a hunter turned conservationist who was no less than a blessing for the then inhabitants of Nainital.

Here are a few reasons why ‘Carpet Sahib’ was such a respected British official in the Kumaoni hills:

A strong protector of local villagers:

Corbett with a man-eating leopard hunt. Source.

“It is of these people, who are admittedly poor, and who are often described as ‘India’s starving millions’, among whom I have lived and whom I love, that I shall endeavor to tell in the pages of this book, which I humbly dedicate to my friends, the poor of India.”- E.J Corbett.

Corbett was born in Nainital and dedicated his life to these forests. His book, Man-Eaters of Kumaon gives a detailed description of the kind of menace these big cats posed for the villagers. Quite often, men, women and children were attacked by tigers and leopards in the middle of the forest.

At times, these big cats were only protecting their young ones and saw groups of humans as threats. But at times, they were on the hunt, and humans were easy prey. Corbett helped villagers hunt down such ‘man-eaters’, one at a time.

He would often enter the forest with a guard or two, wait patiently at the spot where the cat was seen, and hunt it with efficiency.

No doubt, this took a lot of risks but Corbett did what he had to – to protect the villagers he admired so much.

Not just a hunter:

“Carpet Sahib” teaches villagers about man-eaters. Source.

To the villagers living in the British Era, he was a noble teacher who taught them about animal behaviour. These lessons taught people what to expect when an animal made a certain movement, when animals were most likely to attack, and what spots they should be extra cautious.

Of course, animal behaviour can never be predicted with complete accuracy. But Corbett made sure that the villagers keep themselves as safe as they possibly could. Observing animal behaviour was one way the villagers could carry on with their daily activities in the forest without putting themselves in too much trouble.

The Great Wall of Chhoti Haldwani:

The village still remembers Corbett fondly. Source.

There is one another special gift that Corbett gave the village of Chhoti Haldwani near Nainital- one that is useful even today, decades after he left the forest.

One of the most serious problems the village faced was the intrusion of tigers near their homes. Although big cats and other animals are free to wander and don’t always attack humans, the villagers had experienced quite a few attacks.

To put an end to this problem while still maintaining a harmonious man-animal relationship, Corbett built a huge, long wall surrounding Chhoti Haldwani. This 5-foot high wall that stretched for 5 kilometres served as a buffer between tiger territory and human territory.

Built in the year 1925, this wall is still working wonders in restricting attacks by big cats on the human population today – without killing either cats or humans.

“Although big cats (have) killed a few bovines, no villager (of Chhoti Haldwani) was ever killed or injured by a tiger or leopard,” Trilok Singh, a local of Chhoti Haldwani told Hindustan Times.

A crusader for animal rights:

Corbett National Park is one of the most loved forests in India. Source.

In his free time, when Corbett was in his summer house in Nainital, he would discuss the importance of natural heritage with school children. Even in the 19th century, he was aware of the necessity of conserving nature.

In a time when wild animals like the tiger were called “game” hunted as a hobby, Corbett advocated the foundation of the Association for the Preservation of Game in the United Provinces of British India. He was also promoted the foundation of an All-India Conference for the Preservation of Wildlife.


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We can attribute the formation of India’s first ever National Sanctuary to this noble conservationist. What is today called the Jim Corbett National Park was founded as Hailey National Park by Corbett. In 1957, the park was renamed to honour Jim Corbett.

Till date, this lush forest in North India remains one of the richest National Parks in India. According to the 2014 Tiger Census, Corbett National Park is home to 215 tigers- the largest number in any national park in India. The state of Uttarakhand has 340 tigers, 215 of which live in Corbett National Park.

What a legacy to leave behind, Mr Corbett!

(Edited By Vinayak Hegde)

Featured image sources: Jim Corbett Experiences.

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A Green Future: 4 Times Mumbai Came Together to Restore Its Oxygen Chambers!

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Several structures that encroach upon the green patches in Mumbai are under construction in the city, and a new one seems to spring up every day. We are playing a tug-of-war with nature to get more space to occupy the ever-increasing population of the economic capital. A game which will make us the real winners only if we lose.

However, even as this is going on, there are a few patches that are breathing back life into the city. These green patches or ‘lungs of the city’ have been revived due to efforts of the government and citizens to restore mangroves, clean beaches and forest patches.

Here is a look at five such oxygen masks in Aamchi Mumbai:

1. Tere mere “Beach” mein:

Source.

Mumbai, for some, is synonymous with beaches and chowpatis. The number of people that frequent Versova and Dadar beach every day is a clear sign of how much Mumbaikars love beaches.

This frequency of a large crowd of people, unfortunately, usually translates to tonnes of garbage on the shore.

Some citizens, however, took up the responsibility to undo the damage. In Dadar, college-going friends gathered every Sunday, as part of their school reunion and began picking up the trash they came across. This became a routine activity for them, and soon enough, they were joined by hundreds of volunteers. You can read their whole story here.

The Versova beach clean-ups resulted in nesting of Olive Ridley Turtles, after nearly two decades! Want to know more about how this happened? Read the story here

 

2. Man now grows mangroves:

Representational image of mangrove forests in Mumbai. Source.

Mumbai needs to protect it Mangroves, and cannot afford to lose them. These trees have evolved in a way that they thrive in coastal regions with salt water immersions—water that is not potable for most kinds of vegetation.

Mangrove swamps located in areas like Sewari and along the Jogeshwari-Vikhroli Link Road (JVLR), were almost completely destroyed by human activity. In the case of Sewari, the pollution from coking coal debris in a nearby depot was responsible for the blackening of these green spots, while mangroves in JLVR were cut off from seawater due to illegal bunds.

The district government body then decided it was time to restore these mangroves.

N Vasudevan, the additional principal chief conservator of forest, state mangrove cell, spoke to the Hindustan Times about the revival of the Sewari mangroves.

“Today, there are 8-ft mangrove trees at the site that rejuvenated on its own after the coal depot was moved out,” he said.


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3. Pumping more oxygen than pollutants:

Representational image of mangroves in Mumbai. Source.

The construction of the Bhandup pumping station and sewage treatment plant in the late 90s was a threat to the wildlife there. Soon, mangrove swamps and seven ponds around the pumping station dried up.

An NGO called Vanashakti went to the Bombay High Court with this matter, hoping for justice to the city’s lost green patch.

The state mangrove cell soon started their examination and developed a plan to restore these lost mangrove patches. In five years, their efforts bore fruit, and the seven ponds were completely restored.

Speaking to HT, Stalin D, the director of Vanashakti said, “the local fishing community helped us with plantation and also provided protection from further encroachments. Today, the area boasts of high avian biodiversity and water is accessible to all mangrove patches.”

4. Clean-up at Lokhandwala

Representational image of a lush lake. Source.

The Lokhandwala lake in Andheri had suffered for decades, owing to continuous construction and garbage dumping by citizens. This pollution had resulted in the lake drying up every summer, as hundreds of animals lost their home.


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In 2014, however, three concerned citizens decided to take matters to Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC). They approached the authorities to desilt the lake and their effort, needless to say, bore fruit.

Lekhi, one of the three citizens told the Hindustan Times, “After the lake filled up in the monsoon, it was heartening to see crystal clear water. We decided to plant around 100 indigenous tree saplings around the lake. Subsequently, the lake became a wetland jewel over the years.”

(Edited by Gayatri Mishra)

Featured image for representational purposes. Source.

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Nagaland Villagers Did Something Unforgettable for This Mother-Baby Duo of Pythons

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Despite the godly reverence bestowed upon snakes by many religious communities in India, most of us would be scared out of our wits or become immobile with fear if a snake ever happens to cross our paths.

However, instead of being frightened, some villagers of the Pfutsero town in the Phek district of Nagaland, not only safely captured a mother-baby duo of Burmese rock pythons, but also went the extra mile by donating these to the Nagaland Zoological Park (NZP) in Rangpahar, Dimapur.

The pythons were caught by the villagers at the Matikhru village under the Meluri sub-division of the same district on April 15, who then informed the Pfutseromi villagers about the same for the purpose of consumption.

However, upon reaching Matikhru, the villagers found out that the reptiles were still alive.

The Pfutseromi villagers with their rescue. Source: The Northeast Today.

The villagers of Pfutsero had recently witnessed many awareness drives, and appeals conducted by the Chakhesang Public Organization (CPO) and Chakhesang Youth Front (CYF) who urged them to conserve their natural heritage and involve the local population to protect the wildlife.

This must have had quite an effect on them because the next few steps that they took were kind and heart-warming indeed. After transporting the pythons to their town, they reached out to the officials of the Department of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, of the Phek Forest division and reported about the situation.

Consequently, the forest authorities came to Pfutsero and took over the responsibility of the snakes. While the bigger python was 13.4 feet long and weighed 36 kg, the smaller one was 7.6 feet long and weighed 7 kg!


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On a parting note, the villagers requested the forest department to take special care of the reptiles and protect them too. According to a statement issued by Kupelhi Lusou, the Press Secretary of CYF, the pythons reached the NZP safely yesterday night.

While their bravery is commendable, what is indeed heartening is the conscious decision of the Pfutseromi villagers to take a positive step towards environmental conservation and consideration for wildlife.

Thanks to the selflessness of these villagers, the pythons now have a safer habitat and a better scope of survival.

(Edited by Gayatri Mishra)

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Special Sighting: ‘Bagheera’ Spotted in Chhattisgarh After 24 Years!

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Walking through a dense forest is like solving mysteries without knowing what you are looking for. Whether it is the forests of Nainital, the royal jungles of Ranthambhore, or the thick woods of Dandeli, you always just experience a small fraction of what it has to offer.

However, even when you see a few birds and maybe a herd of spotted deer, you should know that the animals in the forest have most likely seen you from afar.

One animal that has always fascinated me is the leopard. This nocturnal big cat is usually shy, and hardly ever makes itself visible.

Its brown colour and black spots make for the perfect camouflage in dense jungles. If you are enjoying a safari, chances are that a leopard has already seen you and is hiding from plain sight. This nature of a leopard makes it an especially difficult animal to spot.

And rarer still is the black panther. This jet-black feline with piercing green eyes is just as shy as the leopard, but twice as hard to detect.

A black panther spotted in Dandeli. Source.

Dr Karanth, Associate Conservation Scientist at the Wildlife Conservation Society poetically describes the black panther in one of her reports. She writes, “It has always had a particular air of mystery… like a living shadow, more elusive than its perfectly camouflaged relatives.”

To many of us, a black panther is synonymous with Bagheera—Mowgli’s tough but protective mentor, who taught him all the necessary life skills. And yet we wonder why Rudyard Kipling zeroed upon an animal that is relatively rare in India. Was it only because of its mysterious, almost ghost-like looks?

For the first time in 24 years, a black panther was recorded on camera in the Udanti-Sitanadi tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh. In fact, the person who reportedly spotted a panther 24 years ago has no photographic evidence to support his claim.

So, how did this cat get in the forests of Chhattisgarh, and does this indicate a rise in the population of black panthers here?

The black panther spotted in Chhattisgarh. Source: Mor Chaiha Bhooiha / Chhattisgarh.

Let’s start with speaking about the animal itself.

This “Bagheera” in Chhatisgarh has not travelled from some other jungle. It was presumably born there. In that case, there have to be at least one or two other black panthers, right?

Well, not necessarily. Black Panthers are essentially melanistic leopards. Commonly found in the dense tropical rainforests of Karnataka, Kerala and Assam, these wild cats are leopards with excessive black pigment melanin.

If you get a chance to see a black panther up close, or in optimum light, you will see it has the same spots as any other leopard.

Black Panthers are off-springs of leopards, they mate with leopards because they are…leopards (Panthera Pardus)!

We are family! Source.

Spotting (sorry about the pun) a black panther in Chhatisgarh can be great news for wildlife researchers although it says nothing about the population of either leopards or black panthers.

From as early as the 1800s, these mysterious panthers have been spotted in the relatively wetter eco-systems of India such as Anshi-Dandeli, Kabini, Sharavati and now Udanti-Sitanadi in Chhatisgarh!


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National Geographic undertook a research about the black panther population in India back in 2014. Out of the total 2500 camera trap images that were captured, only 10% captured black panthers. So, if you want to be one of those very few people who have seen a black panther in the wild, you will have to be very patient, attentive, and ready to be disappointed.

Leopards without melanisation are uncommon to find in forests, even in broad daylight. Add to that a jet-black agile cat, that silently sits on branches and makes absolutely no noise while walking, and you are in for one of the rarest spottings in Indian forests!

(Edited by Gayatri Mishra)

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Waterholes = Fewer Leopard Deaths on Highways? Pune Forest Dept. Thinks So!

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The increase in temperature every summer means different things to different people. While some people travel to different places, others hibernate in air-conditioned rooms.

However, for wild animals living in forested areas near cities, these months are challenging, as their water sources dry up, and this forces them to migrate to other areas.

Increasing deforestation and excavation around Pune have resulted in natural water springs drying up. This leaves the animals with no choice but to search for water bodies away from their own territories. Most of these animals are mammals like blackbucks, chinkaras, wolves and even leopards.

Since the heat during daytime is almost unbearable and makes the animals take shelter under trees or other such cool places, they tend to search for water bodies during late night or early morning hours.

Source.

And this usually requires them to cross paths with humans in the most dreaded of all territories—highways!

As we move further from urban spaces, the interaction of wildlife and humans becomes imminent. If you have ever travelled on the Pune-Mumbai expressway, you will know how lush the road looks because of the forests on both sides. However, the risk of hurting wildlife comes along with this beautiful scenery.

Langurs are the most common sight on highways around Pune, as are snakes, jungle cats and in rare cases, wolves and leopards. There are several instances of speeding vehicles hitting these animals who attempt to cross roads, and this accounts for the accidental killing of snakes, rabbits, jungle cats etc. According to Pune Mirror, about three mammals and more than 100 reptiles are killed on highways every month in the Pune division.

Taking note of these high numbers, the Pune division of the state forest department has decided to undertake a unique initiative to stop roadkills—man-made waterholes!

Representational image only. Source: Facebook/ Sipna.

These waterholes will essentially be ponds constructed on either side of the highway and will provide animals with a way to quench their thirst without having to cross the highway in search of water.

Speaking to the Pune Mirror, Mahesh Bhavsar, the Assistant Conservator of forests, said, “We had surveyed the area and found that the migration for water during the summer is the real cause of accidental deaths of wild animals. As an experiment, we decided to dig waterholes on both sides of the highway so that animals get the necessary water on their side only.”


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The initiative will be flagged off on the Pune-Solapur highway in the Daund forest area. The experiment is by no means a way to stop the natural migration of wild animals or the expansion of their territories. It is just an attempt to help the animals get water.

Lokesh Bapat, the founder of Tellus Organisation, an NGO working to preserve biodiversity in and around Pune, said, “This is a good initiative; there is a need to have one waterhole for every 5 sq km of forest area. Because of rampant excavation on hills around the forest, natural springs have dried up. The forest department must keep vigil in the forest area and ensure that there is enough water storage inside the holes. Deforestation and human interference are other reasons for migration and subsequent deaths.”

(Edited by Gayatri Mishra)

Featured image for representational purposes. Source.

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